Two Heads are Better than One SEEG & DBS Surgery Workflow Refinement using 3D Printed Heads

In 2020, the ROSA One Brain was introduced into Beaumont Hospital for use in planning and performing Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), and biopsy procedures. The manufacturer is based in France; organising in depth training was a challenge due to the Covid 19 pandemic with the intermittent closure of international borders. The neurophysics and neurosurgical team recognized a necessity to get familiar with ROSA workflows in a quick and safe manner but surgical opportunities and company support were limited. We aimed to explore the use of 3D printing as a means of developing imaging phantoms & replicate patient specific features. Phantoms have the potential to test imaging modalities, processes and curate workflows in robotic assisted neurosurgery and in this instance helped to facilitate the introduction of SEEG & DBS procedures to Beaumont Hospital.